中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
相约“云端”，文博点亮创意之城******
作者：邓海建
12月28日，第十八届中国（深圳）国际文化产业博览交易会在深圳拉开序幕。作为国家级、国际化、综合性文化产业博览交易会，文博会为中国文化产业的高质量发展注入了强劲动力。本届文博会采用线下为主、线上同步的方式，设置6大展馆、一个线上国际馆和一个云上文博会平台。线上线下的双轨运作各放异彩，让文博会成为真正永不落幕的文化盛会。
创新奔涌、创意融合，这是一场“展”与“城”的对话。文博会每年汇聚海内外10多万种文化创意产业展品，4000多个文化产业投融资项目在现场进行展示与交易，为中国文化产业的高质量发展注入了强劲动力。这里，是中外文化产业探索展示的“首选地”、是全球文化消费体验的“主舞台”，更是兼具项目交易、投资促进、人文交流、合作互鉴的“超链接”。
潮流前沿的文博会早早开启了“云端相约”的版图。2020年，第十六届文博会在线上成功举办，文博会数字化元年就此开启；2021年，第十七届文博会首次实现了文博会线上线下双轨运作，真正意义上实现了“永不落幕的文博会”。今年，第十八届文博会则分为线下博览与交易、云上展示与交流和配套活动三大部分，将“线下博览与交易”与“云上展示与交流”有机结合，继续“双线”叙事。千里之远、万里之遥，借助全方位、多角度、全链条式的数智革新，人们在云开幕、云展厅、云招商、云签约、云大数据——“五朵云”展示交流的基础上，共同畅想文化新消费。
“中国文化产业第一展”常变常新，不变的，是文博会对城市文化创意产业的点亮与赋能。深圳将文化产业打造为四大支柱产业之一的目标，受益于文博会的平台支撑和撬动作用，城市文化产业发展迅猛。目前，深圳文化产业增加值已突破2500亿元，占全市GDP8%，法人单位数超过10万家，从业人员超过100万，总体发展水平处于全国前列，创意设计、动漫游戏、数字文化等行业在全国的竞争优势明显。
蓬勃的市场主体、优秀的创意人才、成熟的制度环境，让“展”与“城”既互相促进，更互相成就。值得一提的是，文博会的溢出效应越发彰显。比如，借助深圳文博会平台，福建德化的“富贵红”瓷器，签下6000万美元的订购大单，迈出了走向世界的一步；甘肃兰州歌舞剧院出品的《大梦敦煌》，漂洋过海走向世界，让中华优秀传统文化远播国外……在促进中华优秀传统文化创造性转化、创新性发展层面，文博会的支点作用更为凸显。
十八载风雨兼程，文博会大放异彩。相信今年的文博会，必会提振各方信心、凝聚各界共识，以馨暖的南方之风，带领中国文化创意产业真正走进2023年的“春天里”。（邓海建）
