新冠治疗用药保障水平和能力将稳步提升******
日前，辉瑞奈玛特韦片/利托那韦片组合包装（Paxlovid）未通过2022年国家医保药品目录谈判，引发社会广泛关注，有公众担心这将影响新冠用药保障。在1月11日国务院联防联控机制召开的新闻发布会上，国家医保局医药服务管理司副司长黄心宇对此作出回应，他表示，近期可能有一些新冠治疗的新药在陆续申报上市，随着上市新药数量的增加，患者临床用药选择和保障能力、水平都将得到进一步提升。
会上，民政、邮政等部门也介绍了保障群众新冠感染用药的多项举措，以切实满足用药需求。
Paxlovid仍可临时报销至今年3月31日
据介绍，为应对新冠疫情，医保政策可将新冠诊疗方案内的、医保目录外的新冠治疗用药临时性纳入医保支付范围。随着诊疗方案的更新，国家医保局会对医保支付范围进行调整。在近年进行的医保药品目录调整中，新冠治疗用药一直得到高度关注。
据介绍，有三款新冠治疗用药被纳入2022年医保目录谈判范围，包括Paxlovid、阿兹夫定片、清肺排毒颗粒，其中阿兹夫定片和清肺排毒颗粒谈判成功，Paxlovid由于报价过高没有成功。
“大家不用过分担忧，在上周国家医保局刚刚制定的新冠‘乙类乙管’后优化治疗费用医疗保障政策的通知中，明确延续了诊疗方案内的目录外药品医保临时支付政策，先行支付到今年的3月31日。”黄心宇表示，在此期间，患者的用药不会受到影响。
“在我们的医保目录中，治疗感冒、发烧、咳嗽之类的对症治疗药品有600多种，参保人的用药临床选择比较丰富。”黄心宇介绍，上市新冠新药数量也将在未来进一步增加，国家医保局将进一步加强新冠用药价格监测和管理，全力做好新冠治疗费用保障工作，着力减轻参保人员的经济负担。
快递行业保证药品、医疗物资等优先寄递
近期，药品等医疗物资的寄递需求非常迫切，国家邮政局也对相关物品寄递保障进行了相关部署。国家邮政局市场监管司副司长边作栋介绍，邮政快递业主要承担个人寄递以及通过网上购买的药品、N95口罩、抗原试剂等医疗物资的寄递任务。国家邮政局与商务部联合印发通知，对于持续加强医疗物资动态监测、采取多种手段保证医疗物资、邮件快件的优先处理，以及制定有效措施做好医疗物资配送，细化了相关工作要求。
国家邮政局进一步督促指导邮政快递企业对医疗物资邮件快件进行特殊标记、重点保障以及优先投递，并督促企业对于配送的医疗物资邮件快件要进行动态跟踪和专门监测，建立专门的团队确保医疗物资邮件快件问题能够做到即查即办即送。
“如果遇到了在传递过程中丢失、损毁的医疗物资邮件快件，我们也鼓励企业采取在目的地购买同类药品、优先满足用户需要的方式来解决用户的急需。” 边作栋说。
“共享药箱”保障居民用药需求
“通过组织邻里互助，设立‘共享药箱’，尽可能保障居民的用药需求。”民政部基层政权建设和社会治理司一级巡视员李健表示，民政部门对重点人群的健康服务主要集中在就医、用药以及疫苗接种三个方面，通过加强与家庭医生、基层医疗卫生人员、辖区药店、疫苗接种单位的对接，配合做好在线问诊、就医送药、联系转诊、引导疫苗接种等工作。
李健介绍，依托微信群、公众号、智慧社区客户端等城乡社区信息平台，用好村务公开栏、居务公开栏，以及乡村大喇叭等阵地，社区工作者持续开展科学用药、居家康复等防疫知识的宣传，引导居民群众科学理性认识新型冠状病毒相关情况。
李健强调，各级党委、政府和有关部门要为城乡社区做好服务保障工作提供有力支持，医疗药物资源要向基层倾斜，建立城乡社区与医疗机构、药房之间的直通热线，社区反映的问题要及时回应解决，需要城乡社区承担的工作事务要整合规范，让城乡社区工作者解决好群众急难愁盼的问题。（记者 张佳星）
中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
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